Standard 2: Professional Knowledge 2.1

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maslow's hierarchy of needs five stage pyramid
What Is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?
  • Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a motivational theory in psychology comprising a five-tier model of human needs, often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid.
  • Needs lower down in the hierarchy must be satisfied before individuals can attend to needs higher up.
  • From the bottom of the hierarchy upwards, the needs are physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.maslow's hierarchy of needs five stage pyramidmaslow's hierarchy of needs five stage pyramid
Behaviour leading to self-actualization:
•(a) Experiencing life like a child, with full absorption and concentration;
•(b) Trying new things instead of sticking to safe paths;
•(c) Listening to your own feelings in evaluating experiences instead of the voice of tradition, authority or the majority;
•(d) Avoiding pretense ('game playing') and being honest;
•(e) Being prepared to be unpopular if your views do not coincide with those of the majority;
•(f) Taking responsibility and working hard;
•(g) Trying to identify your defenses and having the courage to give them up.
Characteristics of self-actualizers

1. They perceive reality efficiently and can tolerate uncertainty;
2. Accept themselves and others for what they are;
3. Spontaneous in thought and action;
4. Problem-centered (not self-centered);
5. Unusual sense of humor;
6. Able to look at life objectively;
7.Highly creative;
8. Resistant to enculturation, but not purposely unconventional;
9. Concerned for the welfare of humanity;
10. Capable of deep appreciation of basic life-experience;
11. Establish deep satisfying interpersonal relationships with a few people;
12. Peak experiences;
13. Need for privacy;
14. Democratic attitudes;
15. Strong moral/ethical standards.

Maslow suggests students must be shown that they are valued and respected in the classroom, and the teacher should create a supportive environment. Students with a low self-esteem will not progress academically at an optimum rate until their self-esteem is strengthened.
  Applications of Maslow's hierarchy theory to the work of the classroom teacher are obvious. Before a student's cognitive needs can be met, they must first fulfill their basic physiological needs.
For example, a tired and hungry student will find it difficult to focus on learning. Students need to feel emotionally and physically safe and accepted within the classroom to progress and reach their full potential.

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